Dynamic Z Direction Tensile Stress Propagation in Recycled Fibers during High Speed Creasing
High speed creasing generates Z-direction tensile stress waves that fracture short recycled fibers unless matrix clearance absorbs elastic strain energy.
GD2 Duplex Board
Coated Cartonboard
Cartonboard grade featuring a white pigment coating on the top surface and a grey reverse side supplies the general packaging market for non-perishable goods. This specific grade of gd2 duplex board is produced primarily from recovered paper fibers and belongs to the larger family of multi-ply substrates. It provides a stable surface for offset lithography and flexographic printing.
Structural Composition
Multiple layers of mechanical and recycled pulp are pressed together to form the rigid middle and back of the sheet. The top layer of gd2 duplex board receives a double coating of clay or calcium carbonate to achieve a brightness level typically ranging between 75 and 80 percent. Manufacturers add chemical sizing to control the absorption of ink and moisture during the converting process.
Unlike higher grades, the grey back indicates a lack of bleached virgin fibers in the underlying structure. This construction offers a balance of stiffness and cost efficiency for folding cartons.
Application Boundary
Suitability for direct food contact is limited unless a functional barrier is applied to the surface. Most uses of gd2 duplex board involve secondary packaging such as cereal boxes or household hardware containers. This grade provides the necessary rigidity for automated filling lines without the cost of virgin kraft liners.