Mass Balance Arithmetic and Yield Loss Factors in Fiber Ledgers
Applying uncorrected gross weights or inflated yield factors into mass balance ledgers creates over-allocated credit accounts that trigger customs seizures.
Bone-Dry Metric Ton
Mass Measurement
Standard unit for quantifying the mass of wood pulp when all moisture is theoretically removed. Commercial transactions for market pulp utilize the bone-dry metric ton to establish a price based on the dry fiber weight. This unit represents exactly one thousand kilograms of oven-dry material.
Commercial Application
Trading value relies on this absolute figure because shipments arrive with varying levels of hydration from the drying process or environmental exposure. A bone-dry metric ton allows a buyer to compare costs across different suppliers regardless of whether the pulp is shipped at ninety percent dryness or eighty percent dryness. The measurement isolates the raw material from the solvent.
Calculation Mechanism
Conversion from air-dry weight to the bone-dry metric ton requires laboratory testing of representative samples to determine the percentage of moisture present at the time of weighing. The calculation subtracts the water mass from the gross weight. If a lot weighs ten tonnes at ten percent moisture, the resulting mass equals nine bone-dry units.
Laboratory technicians heat the pulp to a constant weight at one hundred and five degrees Celsius to verify the moisture fraction for these adjustments. This process ensures that the buyer only pays for the solid material delivered.