Surface Analysis
Analytical imaging technique utilizes a focused beam of electrons to scan the surface of a solid specimen to produce high resolution images. Using scanning electron microscopy allows a paper scientist to view the physical structure of fibres and mineral fillers at magnifications far beyond the reach of light microscopes. The resulting images reveal the topography and pore structure of the sheet.
Detailed Evaluation
Assessment of the interface between the pigment layer and the fibre matrix depends on clear visualization of the sample. Through scanning electron microscopy, an inspector can check for even distribution of calcium carbonate or clay particles. The technique identifies issues like binder migration or coating pick where the surface layer fails to adhere properly.
Cross sectional views show the thickness and density of individual layers in a multi ply board.
Nanoscale Resolution
Imaging at the small scale requires a vacuum environment and a conductive coating on the sample. Modern scanning electron microscopy equipment can identify contaminants or defects that are only a few nanometres in size. This precision helps in diagnosing print quality problems like dusting or poor ink holdout.
Digital detectors capture backscattered or secondary electrons to create a detailed map of the material. Specialized software allows for the automated counting of particles or the measurement of fibre diameters. The system provides a level of detail that is required for developing new functional coatings.
