Apparent Density

Production Parameter

Caliper and basis weight determine the final calculation of the result. Mills adjust the calendering pressure on the paper machine to control the compaction level required for specific end uses. Excessive mechanical load can collapse the fiber structure, which reduces the opacity of the sheet.

Variations in the moisture content of the web further influence the degree of densification achieved under the rollers.

Operational Consequence

Uniformity across the width of the reel maintains consistent absorption rates on high-speed filling lines. Operators monitor the value to avoid excessive drying or surface cracking that occurs when the sheet lacks the expected internal flexibility. Converting equipment settings require recalibration if the measurement deviates from the established target for the substrate.

A denser sheet offers greater stiffness and barrier properties compared to a more bulky, lightweight stock.